MUSIC VIDEO CODES AND CONVENTIONS

1. Performance - the singer / band are seen to be playing, to provide authenticity, so that followers believe in the talent and can see their star. Record labels sign stars and promote them  to ensure sales. 
2. Star - use of close-ups, sometimes direct eye contact with audience, to build relationship with audience The music video is very fast pace and when it comes to eye contact with the singer and the audience the camera seems to take a few seconds to keep this contact to build/form a relationship with the audience. This also helps the audience feel more involved and not just invisible like many other music videos.
3. The visuals (what the star and other characters are seen doing) illustrate, amplify or contradict the lyrics (the 'story in the words'). Illustration = the visuals play out the story more or less literally; amplify = the words in the lyrics are only the starting point and the story develops in other directions; contradiction / disjuncture = the visuals do not interpret the words of the lyrics and may even show something contradictory.
4. The narrative usually features the performer in 'real life' situations but often with experimental types of film making such as hand-held, dramatic camera angles, symbolic codes and lighting
5. The visuals are usually cut to the beat of the music; the editing is often fast-paced; there is often use of montage, ellipsis and inter-cutting, stylish effects This is true as the song has a very fast beat to it. By listening to the song quite a bit now i roughly counted 2-3 beats per second. the camera work seems very up to date with the music however this changes when the camera keeps eye contact with the singer (Avril Lavinge) or other main characters such as Sk8er Boi.
6. Refrain - repeated chorus, sometimes with variations Things songs seems to have a pattern on many of the new lies it probably starts with 'He was a .....' or 'She was a ....' This is clear that she is really trying to get the message out there that e.g he was just a skater boy.
7. Intertextuality - references to other media, films, performances, events